Received:
2024-05-15 | Accepted:
2024-07-26 | Published:
2024-09-30
Title
Inclusive employment: barriers and ways to overcome them
Abstract
Inclusive employment is a comprehensive system of measures to ensure equal access to employment for all social groups, including persons with disabilities. Inclusive employment involves developing and implementing policies and practices aimed at creating accessible and supportive work environments, adapting workplaces and providing the necessary resources and training to facilitate the inclusion of workers with disabilities in the workplace. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the state of the inclusive labour market and identify the key barriers faced by persons with disabilities in the employment process. Particular attention is paid to employers' perceptions of the problem and the identification of factors that require priority attention from government and business. To achieve this goal, the study used methods of expert survey of employers, as well as the method of in-depth interviews with persons with disabilities. The article focuses on the problems faced by people with disabilities when looking for a job and employers' attitudes towards hiring such employees. The research involved expert interviews with representatives of various companies and in-depth interviews with persons with disabilities. The results of the study show that the main barriers to employment are discriminatory attitudes of employers, lack of information about the opportunities and rights of persons with disabilities, and problems with workplace adaptation. The authors offer a number of recommendations to improve the situation, including developing support and training programmes and information campaigns for employers.
Keywords
employment of persons with disabilities, barriers to employment of persons with disabilities, social vulnerability, social inclusion, inclusive employment, social entrepreneurship
JEL classifications
J01
, J14
URI
http://jssidoi.org/jesi/article/1228
DOI
Pages
209-222
Funding
This is an open access issue and all published articles are licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
References
Adibayev, A., & Susi, M. (2023). Protection of the rights of persons with disabilities to work: Kazakhstan’s experience from the perspective of international law and EU law. Pravni Zapisi, 24(1), 179-215. https://doi.org/10.5937/pravzap1-41081
Search via ReFindit
Anuaruddin, N., Rahman, R., Patah, S., & Rahman, A. (2018). A systematic literature review of the barriers to job placement for person with disabilities. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3.30), 66. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.30.18157
Search via ReFindit
Ballo, J.G., & Alecu, A.I. (2023). Predicting stable employment trajectories among young people with disabilities. Journal of Education and Work, 36(6), 408-425, Early Access http://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2023.2254271
Search via ReFindit
Blackmore, C., Boyce, W., & Gallupe, O. (2022). Elusive employment: understanding the role of disability and rehabilitation in post-conflict El Salvador. Développement Humain Handicap Et Changement Social, 18(1), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.7202/1087638ar
Search via ReFindit
Bonfanti, А., Crescenzo, V., Simeoni, F., & Adaui, C. (2023). Convergences and divergences in sustainable entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship research: A systematic review and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 170, 114336 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114336
Search via ReFindit
Ebuenyi, I., Syurina, E., Bunders, J., & Regeer, B. (2018). Barriers to and facilitators of employment for people with psychiatric disabilities in Africa: a scoping review. Global Health Action, 11(1), 1463658. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2018.1463658
Search via ReFindit
Eftring, H., & Kjellstrand, S. (2022). 360-degree films for cognitive inclusion at workplaces. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. Ebook. Volume 297: Transforming our World through Universal Design for Human Development https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220830
Search via ReFindit
Garrels V., & Sigstad H.M.H. (2021). Employment for persons with intellectual disability in the Nordic countries: A scoping review. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 993-1007. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12880
Search via ReFindit
Gushanas, C., & Thompson, J. (2018). Effect of self-monitoring on personal hygiene among individuals with developmental disabilities attending postsecondary education. Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, 42(4), 203-213. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165143418781297
Search via ReFindit
Hutchinson, C., Lay, K., Alexander, J., & Ratcliffe J. (2022). Perspectives on people with intellectual disabilities as business owners. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 56(2), 149-163. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-221179
Search via ReFindit
Ikutegbe, P., Randle, M., Sheridan, L., Gordon, R., & Dolnicar, S. (2023). Factors and key interactions influencing successful employment outcomes for people with disabilities. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 62(1) http://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12377
Search via ReFindit
Jochmaring, J., & York, J. (2023). Inclusion Opportunities of Work 4.0? Employment Realities of People with Disabilities in Germany Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, 25(1), 29-44. http://doi.org/10.16993/sjdr.896
Search via ReFindit
Kaye, H., Jans, L., & Jones, E. (2011). Why don’t employers hire and retain workers with disabilities? Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 21(4), 526-536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-011-9302-8
Search via ReFindit
Khayatzadeh‐Mahani, A., Wittevrongel, K., Nicholas, D., & Zwicker, J. (2019). Prioritizing barriers and solutions to improve employment for persons with developmental disabilities. Disability and Rehabilitation, 42(19), 2696-2706. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2019.1570356
Search via ReFindit
Kruse, P., Wach, D., & Wegge, J. (2021). What motivates social entrepreneurs? A meta-analysis on predictors of the intention to found a social enterprise. Journal of Small Business Management, 59(3), 477-508. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2020.1844493
Search via ReFindit
Lall, S.A., & Park, J. (2022) How Social Ventures Grow: Understanding the Role of Philanthropic Grants in Scaling Social Entrepreneurship. Business & Society, 61(1), 3-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650320973434
Search via ReFindit
Levitt, J.M., Thelwall, M., & Moreira, F. (2023). Identifying disability-related barriers to academic employment. Studies In Higher Education, 1-12. http://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2023.2290634
Search via ReFindit
Licite-Kurbe, L., & Sevcuna, L. (2023). Scenarios for the employment of people with disabilities by work integration social enterprises in Latvia. Serbian Journal of Management, 18(1), 133-152. http://doi.org/10.5937/sjm18-43001
Search via ReFindit
Mahasneh, R., Randle, M., Gordon, R., Algie, J., & Dolnicar, S. (2023). Increasing employer willingness to hire people with disability: the perspective of disability employment service providers. Journal of Social Marketing, 13(3), 361-379. http://doi.org/10.1108/JSOCM-08-2022-0174
Search via ReFindit
Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Kazakhstan// https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/enbek?lang=ru
Search via ReFindit
Moghazy, M., & Sheriff, N. (2017). Employing persons with mobility disability in travel agencies: an exploratory study applied to egyptian travel agencies. International Academic Journal Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management, 3(3), 221-245. https://doi.org/10.21608/ijaf.2017.95542
Search via ReFindit
Naami, A. (2015). Disability, gender, and employment relationships in Africa: the case of Ghana. African Journal of Disability, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v4i1.95
Search via ReFindit
Okutayeva S., & Askerov, E. (2021) Social entrepreneurship: Kazakh way of establishment and development. Viešoji Politika Ir Administravimas. Public Policy and Administration, 20(5), 703-714. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=1008176
Search via ReFindit
Olsen, J. (2022). Employers: influencing disabled people's employment through responses to reasonable adjustments. Disability & Society, 39(3), 791-810 http://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2022.2099251
Search via ReFindit
Paušić, V., Krstić, T., & Vidojević, J. (2021). Obstacles to the employment of the persons with disabilities from the employer's perspective. Research in Education and Rehabilitation, 4(1), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.51558/2744-1555.2021.4.1.43
Search via ReFindit
Pinilla-Roncancio, M., & Caicedo, N. (2022). Legislation on disability and employment: to what extent are employment rights guaranteed for persons with disabilities? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5654. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095654
Search via ReFindit
Pinilla-Roncancio, M., & Gallardo, M. (2023). Inequality in labour market opportunities for people with disabilities: Evidence for six Latin American countries. Global Social Policy, 23(1), 67-91 http://doi.org/10.1177/14680181211070201
Search via ReFindit
Shahidi F.V., Jetha A., Kristman V., Smith P.M., & Gignac M. (2023). The Employment Quality of Persons with Disabilities: Findings from a National Survey. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 33, 785-795. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-023-10113-7
Search via ReFindit
Śledzińska, K., Napieralska, L., Jasińska, I., Witczak, E., & Jarzyna, V. (2022). Comfort-related properties of workwear for employees with motor disabilities. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 30(2), 47-54. https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0006
Search via ReFindit
Yusupov, D., & Abdukhalilov, A. (2023). Barriers to disability-inclusive employment in Uzbekistan: A pilot qualitative study of disabled people's lived experiences. Journal of International Development, 34(5), 1048-1068. http://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3693
Search via ReFindit